-
On Aug. 4, 2016, the climate change communication NGO Climate Access
launched a new project in San Mateo, California, on the San Francisco Bay,
called Look Ahead
- San Mateo. The project involves an installation in a popular
bayside park, Coyote Point, to help people visualize future sea levels and
approaches for adapting the shoreline.
 |
| Bay Area county map. © CC |
The project uses a new technology called an OWL® that was piloted
by Climate Access for sea level rise education last year in Mill Valley, Marin
County, California (read
a 4-page brief about that project). The OWL® was created by Owlized, a San
Leandro-based tech start-up. The OWL, as described by its creator, is “a
public, outdoor virtual reality viewer that shows users the future or history
of a place.” An aside for grammar nerds: the word OWL is capitalized not
because it is an acronym, but because using all-caps is “the easiest way to
differentiate the (mouthful of) digital public information kiosk from our
feathered friends,” as clarified by Nate Kauffman at Owlized.
An OWL looks like the coin-operated viewfinder you sometimes
find on scenic shorelines, but operate by the push of a button on the side of
the viewer and cost the visitor nothing.
 |
| A girl and her family use the OWL viewer. Photo: Sara S. Moore. |
Public installations of OWLs include
one at adult height and one at child or wheelchair-user height, in compliance
with accessibility laws. Besides showing a 360-degree view of the landscape
around the installation site under different scenarios of sea level rise and
adaptation, it can collect input from visitors through a simple digital
interface guided by an audio script. In Marin over 3,700 visitors gave input on
different approaches to shoreline adaptation through the OWLs between June and
September 2015. The Look Ahead - San Mateo organizers aim to boost
participation by hosting weekend events with local community-based
organizations at the OWL site over the five-month duration of the installation.
San Mateo is a place where residents should be looking ahead
at sea level rise. According to a
2012 study by the Pacific Institute, of all California counties San
Mateo is most vulnerable to sea level rise. That assertion is predicated on the
presumption of 1.0 to 1.4 meters (3 ¼ to 4 ½ feet) of sea level rise along the
California coast by the year 2100. It’s worth noting that those numbers might
be understating the urgency of the situation. That Pacific Institute study was
part of California’s
Third Climate Assessment, which was delayed in its publication
(something known to the author because of her own contribution to the Third
Climate Assessment), so the climate scenarios for the report were actually run
in 2009. Additionally, a footnote on those 2009 projections cautions that “most
climate models fail to include ice‐melt contributions from the Greenland and
Antarctic ice sheets, and as a result, the potential increase in mean sea level
may be much higher” (p. 1).
 |
| Aerial view of the port of Redwood City in San Mateo County, California, USA. © CC |
Now, refinements in sea level rise projections indicate
that sea level is rising faster than previously thought (see the Aug. 10, 2016,
Washington Post article “Seas
aren’t just rising, scientists say — it’s worse than that. They’re speeding
up.”). Meanwhile, the launch press release for Look Ahead - San
Mateo cites a U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
projection of 3 feet of rise by 2100: a number more conservative than the
Pacific Institute’s low-end projection from seven years ago. Across the SF Bay
from the OWLs, three runways at Oakland International Airport are already closed
for some high tides (Janin & Mandia [2012], Rising
Sea Levels: An Introduction to Cause and Impact). San Francisco
International, within sight of the OWLs, is sketching out plans for floating
runways, seawalls, and levees.
While communicating about sea level rise to San-Mateans is
an urgent matter, using innovative technology to communicate about climate
change has its trade-offs. While the OWLs do attract visitors—there was a
steady stream of passersby lining up at the OWLs on the launch day—the OWLs are
costly and breakable. On the launch day one of the two OWLs was not turned on
(electrical connection issues), and a week after the launch both OWLs had to be
removed for maintenance, returning a few days later.
The OWL installations are being backed by the U.S. Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Region IX office through education funds made
available after the recent release of updated flood maps. The Marin installation
was funded with a 150,000 USD FEMA grant that ran the OWLs from May 2015 to September
2015 (only collecting useable survey data for four of those months). The
current installation is supported with a 200,000 USD grant, which will run the
OWLs from August 2016 to December 2016. Unfortunately, neither Marin nor San
Mateo could afford to purchase and maintain the OWLs on a permanent basis.
There is also the practical problem of installing the OWLs
in flood-prone areas. The installation in Marin was on the bayside coast near a
hiking/biking trail that is already known to go underwater during some King
Tides, putting the electrically powered OWLs at risk of damage: this new installation
is on higher ground. Also, reducing the greenhouse gas footprint of the
project, the San Mateo OWLs are solar-powered. Another lesson from the Marin
pilot was that some people didn’t visit the OWLs because they appeared to cost
money (resembling coin-operated viewfinders): a sentence about the viewers
being free of cost was added to the signage at the San Mateo coast.
In January the OWLs will be removed and re-installed in San
Francisco for a third iteration of the experiment.
Full disclosure: the author is volunteering for the Look
Ahead - San Mateo County project doing local social media support. The opinions
expressed here are her own and do not necessarily reflect those of the partners
or funders of the project (Climate Access, San Mateo County, Owlized, Dr.
Susanne Moser, Antioch University, Nutter Consulting, the California Coastal
Conservancy, or FEMA Region IX).
Learn more about the OWL installations and other sea level
rise adaptation work ongoing in San Mateo and Marin counties:
- Watch the coverage by a local TV station (KPIX - CBS) of the Look Ahead - San Mateo launch, August 4, 2016 (1m 48s)
- Read the Project and Research Summary for the OWL installation in Marin: Moser, S.C., Daniels, C., Pike, C. and Huva, A. (2016). Here-Now-Us: Visualizing Sea Level Rise and Adaptation Using the OWL Technology in Marin County, California. Susanne Moser Research and Consulting, Santa Cruz and Climate Access, San Francisco. (69 pages, accessed Aug. 14, 2016).
- Keep an eye out for San Mateo’s Sea Level Rise Vulnerability Assessment, expected to be released in September 2016 after a draft review meeting with stakeholders.
- Check out Sea Change San Mateo County for info on workshops planned for this October using the “Game of Floods” (a free open-source resource). Read more about the game and the planning award it won (Mill Valley Patch, July 20, 2016).
- You can follow Look Ahead - SMC on Twitter and Facebook.
Posts
